Oxacillin

Oxacillin (Bactocill)

Category:

Antibiotic

Description:

Penicillinase-Resistant Penicillin

Indications:

Mild to moderate infections caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
Localized soft tissue/skin infections
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Disseminated infections

Contraindications:

None

Precautions:

Pregnancy category B
Use with caution in patients with penicillin or cephalosporin allergy (5-10% chance of cross-reactivity)
Counsel patient to finish all medication to prevent development of resistance
Inform patient to take at even intervals, preferably around the clock
Take on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Food inhibits absorption
Parenteral dosage form should not be run in same IV line as other medications
Inject intravenous injection slowly over a period of 10 minutes

Adverse Reactions (Side Effects):

Hypersensitivity
Gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Vaginitis

Dosage:

Administered orally (capsules and oral suspension) and injectable

Oral
- Adult and children (>40kg):
  - 500mg q4-6h (may increase to 1 gram q4-6h for severe infections)
- Infants and children (<40kg):
  - 50mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6 hours
- Neonates (>2kg) (age < 7 days):
  - 75mg/kg/day divided every 8 hours
- Neonates (>2kg) (age > 7 days):
  - 150mg/kg/day every 6 hours
- Neonates (<2kg):
  - 50mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours
Injectable
- Adult and children (>40kg):
  - 250-500mg IM or IV q4-6h (up to 1 gram q-46h for severe infections)
- Infants and children (<40kg):
  - 50mg/kg/day IM or IV in equally divided doses every 6 hours
  - severe infections: 100mg/kg/day IM or IV in equally divided doses every 4-6 hours
- Premature/Neonates:
  - 25mg/kg/day IM or IV in divided doses

Source: Operational Medicine 2001, Health Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington, D.C., 20372-5300