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Category:
Description:
Indications:
Contraindications:
Precautions:
-
Pregnancy
category C; safe to use in pregnancy; safe to breast feed if infant
periodically examined for signs and symptoms of peripheral neuritis or
hepatitis
-
Active
chronic liver disease, severe renal dysfunction, malnutrition
-
Slow
acetylators, elderly, diabetes, alcoholics (increased risk of
peripheral neuropathy)
Adverse
Reactions (Side Effects):
-
CNS:
fever, memory impairment, peripheral neuropathy, seizures, toxic
encephalopathy, toxic psychosis
-
EENT:
optic neuritis and atrophy
-
GI:
epigastric distress, hepatotoxicity, nausea, vomiting
-
HEME:
agranulocytosis, eosinophilia, hemolytic, sideroblastic, or aplastic
anemia; thrombocytopenia
-
METAB:
gynecomastia, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, metabolic
acidosis, pellegra, pyridoxine deficiency
-
SKIN:
skin eruptions, vasculitis
-
MISC:
rheumatic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosis-like syndrome
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Dosage:
Administered
orally
-
Adult:
-
Treatment:
PO 5 mg/kg/day (up to 300mg total) in a single dose; use in
conjunction with other effective antituberculosis agents; duration
of treatment 9 months to 2 years
-
Disseminated
disease: PO 10 mg/kg/day in 1-2 divided doses
-
Prophylaxis:
PO 300mg daily
-
Child:
-
Treatment:
PO 10-20 mg/kg/day (up to 300mg total) in 1-2 divided doses
-
Prophylaxis:
PO 10 mg/kg/day every day, not to exceed 300mg daily
Drug
interactions:
-
Disulfuram:
adverse mental changes and coordination problems
-
Acetaminophen,
carbamazepine, cycloserine, theophylline, valproic acid: increased
concentrations, possibly to toxic levels
-
Rifampin:
incresed hepatotoxicity of isonizid in some patients
-
Ethanol:
increased incidence of isoniazid-induced hepatitis in alcoholics
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Source:
Operational Medicine 2001, Health
Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau
of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington,
D.C., 20372-5300
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