Neomycin sulfate

Neomycin

Category:

Antibiotic

Description:

Aminoglycoside antibiotic

Indications:

Suppression of bowel intestinal bacteria
Hepatic coma

Contraindications:

Presence of intestinal obstruction
Generally not indicated for long-term therapy due to nephrotoxocity and ototoxicity

Precautions:

Pregnancy category D
May cause nephrotoxicity, therefore closely monitor renal function, especially in elderly patients.
May cause ototoxicity, therefore monitor hearing
Aminoglycosides have neuromuscular blockade activity with a curare-like effect. Monitor patient’s neuromuscular function, especially in patients with myasthenia gravis, parkinsonism or infant botulism.
Used in combination for bowel surgery preparation (used with minimal diet, bisacodyl, magnesium sulfate, enema, and supplemental IV fluids)

Adverse Reactions (Side Effects):

Gastrointestinal: vomiting, nausea, anorexia
“Malabsorption syndrome” characterized by increase in fetal fat, decrease in serum carotene and fall in xylose absorption
Increases fecal bile acid excretion and reduces intestinal lactase activity

Dosage:

Administered orally
Hepatic coma:
- Adults: 4-12 grams per day in divided doses
- Children: 50-100mg/kg/day in divided doses for a period of 5-10 days
Bowel preparation:
- 1 gram (in combination with 1 gram erythromycin) for three doses at time periods of time of actual surgery minus 19 hours (T-19), minus 18 hours (T-18) and minus 9 hours (T-9)

Source: Operational Medicine 2001, Health Care in Military Settings, NAVMED P-5139, May 1, 2001, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, 2300 E Street NW, Washington, D.C., 20372-5300