Background on Implanon® hormonal implant
Implanon® is a newer single rod long-acting implant contraceptive method. It is a Progestin-only (etonogestrel-containing) hormonal implant. It is a reversible method of concraception that offers protection for 3 years and is reversible. Implanon® is a thin rod, 40 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter , which is made from a flexible plastic and is about the size of a matchstick. Implanon® is supplied as a single package containing a single white non-biodegradable rod with 68mg etonogestrel and a disposable applicator. The implant is inserted just under the skin on the inner side of the upper arm.
Since Implanon® is a single-rod implant and the applicator is pre-loaded with the implant, it offers convenient insertion and removal.
The mechanisms of action for Implanon® is similar to other hormonal implants is by
- Ovulation inhibition
- Increased viscosity of cervical mucus and
- Altering the endometrium
See the diagram below for a pictorial representation of the mechanisms of action for Implanon®.
Common side effects and complications associated with the use of Implanon® are similar that that of Jadelle® (another hormonal implant) include irregular bleeding, mood swings, weight gain, breast tenderness, headache, acne, and depression.
For additional information about the mechanics and efficacy of Implanon®, consult the following articles:
- Croxatto HB, Mäkäräinen L. The pharmacodynamics and efficacy of Implanon. An overview of the data. Contraception. 1998 Dec;58(6 Suppl):91S-97S. PubMed PMID: 10095979. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10095979.
- Rekers H, Affandi B. Implanon studies conducted in Indonesia. Contraception. 2004 Nov;70(5):433. PubMed PMID: 15504385. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15504385.
- Sivin I. International experience with NORPLANT and NORPLANT-2 contraceptives. Stud Fam Plann. 1988 Mar-Apr;19(2):81-94. PubMed PMID: 3132758. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3132758.